The topography of the city -- The archaeological study of Jerusalem -- Ancient history : until circa 1000 BCE -- The first temple period : 1000 BCE-586 BCE -- The second temple period : 538 BCE-70 CE -- Jerusalem at the time of Jesus -- Aelia Capitolina : 135-326 -- The Byzantine period : 326-638 -- The early Muslim period : 638-1099 -- The Crusader period : 1099-1187 -- The Ayyubid period : 1187-1250 -- The Mamluk period : 1250-1517 -- The Ottoman period : 1517-1917 -- Jerusalem in the 19th century : the city comes to life 1830-1917 -- The British mandate : 1917-1948 -- Divided Jerusalem : 1948-1967 -- United Jerusalem : since 1967 -- The Old City of Jerusalem (modern map)